{"schema":"forms-iran-v1","step":"4f","checked":"2026-10-06","note":"Injectable forms found in Iran for the drugs of the protocols, human and veterinary. Generic name, strength and pack only: no trade or maker names reach the page (D-PRT-05). The research trail with the names is EVIDENCE-PROTOCOL-ACE-KET-MID.md, PR-02, for dexmedetomidine (checked 2026-10-09) EVIDENCE-PROTOCOL-DEX-KET.md, DK-02, for the opioids (checked 2026-10-10) EVIDENCE-OPIOID-FASTING.md, OF-05, for propofol (checked 2026-10-13) EVIDENCE-PROTOCOL-PROPOFOL.md, PF-02, and for diazepam (checked 2026-10-16) EVIDENCE-PROTOCOL-ACE-KET-DZP.md, KD-02.","kinds_en":{"human":"human","vet":"veterinary"},"packs_en":{"vial":"vial","ampoule":"ampoule","unknown":"injectable"},"drugs":{"acepromazine":{"forms":[{"id":"ace-10-vet","kind":"vet","mg_per_ml":"10","pack":"vial","pack_ml":null,"single_use":false,"sources":["IJVS2025","EU-ACE10"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-ACE","registered_forms":0},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.1","10"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[]},"ketamine":{"forms":[{"id":"ket-50-hum","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"50","pack":"unknown","pack_ml":null,"pack_ml_list":["2","10"],"single_use":false,"darooyab_codes":["51975","00723"],"sources":["DY-KET"]},{"id":"ket-100-vet","kind":"vet","mg_per_ml":"100","pack":"vial","pack_ml":null,"single_use":false,"sources":["IR-VETSHOP"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-KET","registered_forms":2},"custom_mg_per_ml":["1","100"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[]},"midazolam":{"forms":[{"id":"mid-5-hum-1","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"5","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"1","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"00852","sources":["DY-MID"]},{"id":"mid-5-hum-3","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"5","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"3","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"01591","sources":["DY-MID"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-MID","registered_forms":5},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.05","5"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[{"darooyab_code":"02010","en":"Syrup 2 mg/mL"},{"darooyab_code":"17001","en":"Syrup 2.5 mg/mL"},{"darooyab_code":"17231","en":"Oromucosal (buccal) solution 50 mg in 5 mL"}]},"dexmedetomidine":{"forms":[{"id":"dex-0.1-hum-2","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"0.1","pack":"unknown","pack_ml":"2","single_use":false,"darooyab_code":"17581","sources":["DY-DEX"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-DEX","registered_forms":3},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.004","0.5"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[{"darooyab_code":"52043","en":"Ready-to-use IV solution 4 micrograms/mL, 50 mL"},{"darooyab_code":"52044","en":"Ready-to-use IV solution 4 micrograms/mL, 100 mL"}]},"methadone":{"forms":[{"id":"met-5-hum-1","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"5","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"1","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"00819","sources":["DY-MET"]},{"id":"met-10-hum","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"10","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":null,"single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"01586","sources":["DY-MET"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-MET","registered_forms":16},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.05","10"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[]},"morphine":{"forms":[{"id":"mor-10-hum-1","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"10","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"1","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"01600","sources":["DY-MOR"]},{"id":"mor-20-hum-1","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"20","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"1","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"00866","sources":["DY-MOR"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-MOR","registered_forms":7},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.2","20"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[{"darooyab_code":"01597","en":"Epidural ampoule 0.2 mg/mL"},{"darooyab_code":"01598","en":"Epidural ampoule 0.4 mg/mL"}]},"buprenorphine":{"forms":[{"id":"bup-0.3-hum-1","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"0.3","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"1","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"01414","sources":["DY-BUP"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-BUP","registered_forms":5},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.003","0.3"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[]},"propofol":{"forms":[{"id":"prop-10-hum","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"10","pack":"unknown","pack_ml":null,"pack_ml_list":["20","50","100"],"single_use":false,"darooyab_codes":["01653","01951","01952"],"sources":["DY-PROP"]},{"id":"prop-20-hum-50","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"20","pack":"vial","pack_ml":"50","single_use":false,"darooyab_code":"16873","sources":["DY-PROP"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-PROP","registered_forms":5},"custom_mg_per_ml":["1","20"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[]},"diazepam":{"forms":[{"id":"dzp-5-hum-2","kind":"human","mg_per_ml":"5","pack":"ampoule","pack_ml":"2","single_use":true,"darooyab_code":"00418","sources":["DY-DZP"]}],"darooyab":{"source":"DY-DZP","registered_forms":11},"custom_mg_per_ml":["0.05","5"],"custom_units":["mg_per_ml","percent"],"other_forms":[{"darooyab_code":"02237","en":"Rectal tube 10 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"01461","en":"Suppository 10 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"00417","en":"Tablet 10 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"00419","en":"Tablet 2 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"07051","en":"Syrup 2 mg in 5 mL, 120 mL"},{"darooyab_code":"01462","en":"Syrup 2 mg in 5 mL, 60 mL"},{"darooyab_code":"02247","en":"Rectal tube 5 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"01460","en":"Suppository 5 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"00420","en":"Tablet 5 mg"},{"darooyab_code":"52452","en":"Oral solution 2 mg in 5 mL, 120 mL"}]}},"antidotes":{"step":"D-PRT-33","title_en":"Reversal and emergency drugs","lead":{"en":"The amount and volume of each drug are calculated for this patient; prepare them and keep them at hand before anesthesia begins.","refs":["AAHA2020","AAFP2018"]},"drugs":{"atipamezole":{"name_en":"Atipamezole","for_en":"Reverses dexmedetomidine","form":{"mg_per_ml":"5","en":"5 mg/mL, veterinary","label_source":"LBL-ATI"},"doses":[{"route_en":"Intramuscular (IM)","times_of":"dexmedetomidine","times":{"dog":"10","cat":"5"},"refs":["LBL-ATI","LBL-DEX"]}],"how":[{"en":"In dogs, do not routinely reverse this combination; only if the effects of dexmedetomidine become life-threatening.","refs":["LBL-ATI","LBL-DEX"],"species":["dog"]},{"en":"In cats, routinely give it no sooner than 45 minutes after ketamine; earlier, the remaining effect of ketamine may cause seizures.","refs":["LBL-KET","LBL-ATI"],"species":["cat"]}]},"flumazenil":{"name_en":"Flumazenil","for_en":"Reverses midazolam","form":{"mg_per_ml":"0.1","en":"Ampoule 0.5 mg in 5 mL (0.1 mg/mL)","darooyab":{"source":"DY-FLU","code":"00544"}},"doses":[{"label_en":"First dose, starting from the lowest amount","route_en":"Intravenous (IV)","mg_per_kg":["0.01","0.01"],"refs":["LJ2024"]}],"how":[{"en":"If sedation is excessive or prolonged, or breathing is weak. If needed, repeat the same amount until effect; up to 0.2 mg/kg in total.","refs":["LJ2024","AAFP2018"]}]},"naloxone":{"name_en":"Naloxone","for_en":"Reverses methadone or morphine","form":{"mg_per_ml":"0.4","en":"Ampoule 0.4 mg in 1 mL","darooyab":{"source":"DY-NAL","code":"01341"}},"doses":[{"route_en":"IV or IM","mg_per_kg":["0.002","0.02"],"refs":["LJ2024"]}],"how":[{"en":"The lowest amount is for partial reversal and the highest for full reversal. As the opioid is reversed, its analgesia also decreases or disappears; reassess pain.","refs":["LJ2024","AAFP2018"]}]},"atropine":{"name_en":"Atropine","for_en":"Bradycardia","form":{"mg_per_ml":"0.5","en":"Ampoule 0.5 mg in 1 mL; do not confuse it with the 10 mg/mL ampoule","darooyab":{"source":"DY-ATR","code":"00119"}},"doses":[{"route_en":"Intravenous (IV)","mg_per_kg":["0.01","0.02"],"refs":["MAMA2021","AAFP2018"]},{"route_en":"Intramuscular (IM)","mg_per_kg":["0.02","0.04"],"refs":["MAMA2021"]}],"how":[{"en":"For bradycardia, especially with hypotension. Drug-induced bradycardia can be treated with a reversal agent or atropine.","refs":["AAHA2020","MAMA2021"]}]}},"low_volume":{"en":"The volume is under 0.1 mL; draw it up in a finely graduated syringe.","refs":["LBL-BUP"]},"sources":{"AAHA2020":{"title_en":"2020 AAHA Anesthesia and Monitoring Guidelines for Dogs and Cats","cite":"Grubb TL et al. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2020;56:59-82","url":"https://www.aaha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/anesthesia_and_monitoring_guidelines_final.pdf"},"AAFP2018":{"title_en":"2018 AAFP Feline Anesthesia Guidelines","cite":"Robertson SA et al. J Feline Med Surg 2018;20:602-634","url":"https://catvets.com/resource/anesthesia-guidelines/"},"LJ2024":{"title_en":"Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia: The Sixth Edition of Lumb and Jones, 2024, chapter 59 (dogs and cats)","cite":"Lamont L et al. (eds). Wiley 2024","url":null},"LBL-ATI":{"title_en":"Atipamezole 5 mg/mL for veterinary use: summary of product characteristics (UK SPC, 2026)","cite":"VMD SPC 138469","url":"https://www.vmd.defra.gov.uk/productinformationdatabase/files/SPC_Documents/SPC_138469.PDF"},"LBL-DEX":{"title_en":"Dexmedetomidine 0.5 mg/mL for veterinary use: summary of product characteristics (UK SPC, 2025)","cite":"VMD SPC 3080104","url":"https://www.vmd.defra.gov.uk/productinformationdatabase/files/SPC_Documents/SPC_3080104.PDF"},"LBL-KET":{"title_en":"Ketamine 100 mg/mL for veterinary use: summary of product characteristics (UK SPC, July 2025)","cite":"VMD SPC 432087","url":"https://www.vmd.defra.gov.uk/productinformationdatabase/files/SPC_Documents/SPC_432087.PDF"},"LBL-BUP":{"title_en":"Buprenorphine 0.3 mg/mL for veterinary use: summary of product characteristics (UK SPC, 2026)","cite":"VMD SPC 206474","url":"https://www.vmd.defra.gov.uk/productinformationdatabase/files/SPC_Documents/SPC_206474.PDF"},"MAMA2021":{"title_en":"Recognizing and treating anesthesia-related hypotension, Clinician's Brief (updated November 2021)","cite":"Mama K. Clinician's Brief 2021","url":"https://www.cliniciansbrief.com/article/anesthesia-related-hypotension"},"DY-FLU":{"title_en":"Darooyab: flumazenil","cite":"darooyab.ir G-1956","url":"https://www.darooyab.ir/G-1956/Flumazenil"},"DY-NAL":{"title_en":"Darooyab: naloxone","cite":"darooyab.ir G-1969","url":"https://www.darooyab.ir/G-1969/Naloxone"},"DY-ATR":{"title_en":"Darooyab: atropine","cite":"darooyab.ir G-866","url":"https://www.darooyab.ir/G-866/Atropine"}}}}